TY - JOUR ID - 130154 TI - Chemical and behavioral effects of synthetic agents and natural agents of gamma-oryzanol and Chlorella vulgaris microalgae on depression in rats JO - Eurasian Chemical Communications JA - ECC LA - en SN - 2717-0535 AU - Abbas Zadeh, Nahid AU - Jazideh, Farhad AU - Allahgholi, Yasaman AU - Dabestani, Ramtin AU - Saadat, Maryam AD - Student Research Committee, Bojnourd Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Bojnourd, Iran AD - International Center for Neuroscience Research, Institute for Intelligent Research, Tbilisi, Georgia AD - Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran AD - Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran Y1 - 2021 PY - 2021 VL - 3 IS - 5 SP - 352 EP - 359 KW - animal model KW - BDNF KW - Gamma-oryzanol KW - Imipramine KW - Inflammatory Factors DO - 10.22034/ecc.2021.280615.1160 N2 - Depression is a psychological disorder that annually involves a significant population all over the world. Natural agents could be used for the treatment of depression. This study was conducted to compare synthetic agent of imipramine (IMP) and natural agents of gamma-oryzanol (GO) and Chlorella vulgaris microalgae (CV) on depression in rats. The depression was induced by using stress for 21 days and 6h/day. Fifty rats were divided into 5 groups, including 1) The rats exposed to depression without the treatment (DEP) and 2-4) the rats exposed to depression and treated with 100 mg/kg body weight of GO (GO), C. vulgaris (CV) and 30 mg/kg body weight of imipramine (IMP). A group without depression was considered as control (CON). Forced swimming test (FST) and open field test (OFT) were conducted to investigate the behavioral responses. The serum samples were analyzed for interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ).  The gene expression of BDNF and TrkB was also investigated. The results showed that the rats in DEP group spent more time in immobility test and had lower crossing number (P<0.05). The results showed that induction of depression increased the serum concentrations of IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ (P<0.05) and decreased the expressions of BDNF and TrkB (P<0.05). The treatment with IMP, GO and CV decreased the effects of depression on behavioral responses, inflammatory responses and the expressions of BDNF and TrkB. Overall, GO and CV can be used for the treatment of depression following clinical tests. UR - https://www.echemcom.com/article_130154.html L1 - https://www.echemcom.com/article_130154_8d0728dc224df5ec2843909abcc0a575.pdf ER -