Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

• Hamed Aghazadeh ^{1, 2, 3, 4}
• Parastoo Taheri ^{1, 5}
• Suna Hassani ^{6, 7, 8}
• Tahereh Sangchooli ^{9, 10}
• Mahsa Ouni ¹¹
• Nahid Asghari ^{12, 13}

¹ Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

² Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

³ Iran Nanotechnology Innovation Council (INIC), Tehran, Iran

⁴ Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran

⁵ Department of Research and Development, Vitabiotics Ltd, Tehran, Iran

⁶ Faculty of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran

⁷ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

⁸ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran

⁹ Young Researchers and Elites Club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

¹⁰ Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, NaghsheJahan University, Isfahan, Iran

¹¹ Engineering and Technical Faculty, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran

¹² Department of Basic Science, Maragheh University of Medical Science, Maragheh, Iran

¹³ Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Islamic Azad University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran

Abstract

Bone infection (Osteomyelitis) is an inflammation of the bone that usually results in infection. Nowadays, in situ forming systems are investigated for the osteomyelitis treatment. These systems are in the form of viscous liquid, but they become solid or semi-solid and the drug is released slowly after injection into the infection site. The aim of present study was the long-term release of vancomycin using a PLGA system loaded with drug-containing chitosan nanoparticles. The in situ formulations formed in this study were composed of three main components: polymer, water-miscible solvent, and active pharmaceutical ingredient. PLGA 504H polymer and PEG 250DME solvent with a polymer to solvent ratio of 3:1 was used to prepare the in situ forming system. Chitosan nanoparticles were designed using gelation ionic method by designing the experiment of chitosan nanoparticles with encapsulation efficiency of 51% and drug loading of 25%. Then, by adding different ratios of released drug to loaded drug through nanoparticles in the system, their release profile was examined. The results revealed that adding chitosan nanoparticles reduced burst release by 44% and increased the release time. In this system, the drug can be added to the polymer solution in different proportions of the free form and the drug-containing nanoparticle. Furthermore, in this system, it is possible to use the combination of different drugs in free form or loaded in nanoparticles to improve the treatment process in the system. The use of biodegradable polymers eliminates the need for surgery in the use of this medicinal system. Moreover, this system is biocompatible and non-toxic due to the non-use of organic solvent in the preparation of the system and the use of PEG 250 DME solvent.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

• Chitosan
• vancomycin
• poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)
• in situ forming
• bone infection
• drug delivery system

Main Subjects

• Drugs