Original Research Article
Organic Chemistry
Sunil V. Gaikwad; Milind V. Gaikwad; Pradeep D. Lokhande
Abstract
This study introduces a novel and efficient approach for the oxidative aromatization of tetrahydro-γ-carboline using CuCl2.2H2O and I2, H2O2 in DMSO. This method was applied for all kinds of C-3 substituted tetrahydro-γ-carboline (THγC) units to access the corresponding aromatic γ-carbolines. ...
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This study introduces a novel and efficient approach for the oxidative aromatization of tetrahydro-γ-carboline using CuCl2.2H2O and I2, H2O2 in DMSO. This method was applied for all kinds of C-3 substituted tetrahydro-γ-carboline (THγC) units to access the corresponding aromatic γ-carbolines. With a 0.25 mol% CuCl2. 2H2O as a catalyst, THγC could be efficiently oxidized to γ-carboline at 100 °C with excellent yield. This protocol was also generalized for the aromatization of tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid to corresponding β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid. The entire synthesized new compounds were characterized by using 1HNMR, 13CNMR and Mass spectroscopy technique. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first synthesis of γ-carbolines via an oxidative aromatization of THγC.
Original Research Article
Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Arash Larki; Nader Shakiba Maram; Amanollah Zarei Ahmady; Neda Mohtasham; Ladan Mafakher; Nooshin Khelghati; Ehsan Hedayati
Abstract
The fruit of Cordia myxa (C. myxa) is widely used for the treatment of respiratory and urinary infections, and as a diuretic, astringent, demulcent and expectorant agent. Other pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-allergic, antitumor and antioxidants activity ...
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The fruit of Cordia myxa (C. myxa) is widely used for the treatment of respiratory and urinary infections, and as a diuretic, astringent, demulcent and expectorant agent. Other pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-allergic, antitumor and antioxidants activity have also been reported for C. myxa by other studies. This study aimed to compare different extraction methods and offer a way to produce an easy-to-use formulation. In this study, extracts from the fresh and dried fruits of C. myxa were obtained using four extraction methods including soxhlet, maceration, percolation and digestion. Extraction from the dried fruits showed better results compared with that of the fresh fruits. Also, the soxhlet method of extraction using dry powdered fruits was the most efficient for extraction of active components of C. myxa fruits. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the aqueous extract of fruits to be full of active ingredients such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, Steroids, carbohydrates, and saponins. Finally, an oral syrup formulation from C. myxa fruits extract was prepared for the first time and its physicochemical properties such as light transmittance, visual inspection, pH measurement, sucrose concentration, viscosity, and antimicrobial tests were evaluated. The applied method is a quite easy, simple, environmental friendly and convenient way for extraction and oral syrup preparation of C. myxa fruits.
Original Research Article
Inorganic chemistry
Javad Farzanfar; Elahe Abdolahe; Amir Eskandari; Ali Reza Rezvani; Hojat Samareh Delarami
Abstract
Using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-visible spectroscopies, as well as conductivity measurements, synthesis of 5 first-row transition metal complexes, including [M(L')(H2O)2] (M=Mn (C1), Fe (C2), Co (C3), Ni (C4), Cu (C5)) relevant to a benzoyl thiourea ligand, which was ...
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Using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-visible spectroscopies, as well as conductivity measurements, synthesis of 5 first-row transition metal complexes, including [M(L')(H2O)2] (M=Mn (C1), Fe (C2), Co (C3), Ni (C4), Cu (C5)) relevant to a benzoyl thiourea ligand, which was derived by condensing 2-chlorobenzoyl-isothiocyanate with 2,6-diaminopyridine, to produce 1,1'-(pyridine-2,6-diyl)bis(3-(2-chlorobenzoyl) thiourea) (L) was conducted. The structures proposed for the five complexes were confirmed through the application of conformational analysis and geometry optimization. These compounds were studied in vitro in terms of antibacterial properties against the standard gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains, and their superior antibacterial activities compared to those of the new thiourea derivative were proven through the experiments.
Original Research Article
Management in Chemistry
Biswa Bhusan; Ashok Kumar Sar
Abstract
The strategic model of business is interlinked with the development of organizational productivity. In this context, organizational strategic human resource management (SHRM) practices regarding employee engagement and firm performance have helped to secure a competitive position in the market. Apart ...
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The strategic model of business is interlinked with the development of organizational productivity. In this context, organizational strategic human resource management (SHRM) practices regarding employee engagement and firm performance have helped to secure a competitive position in the market. Apart from this, a wide range of activities and resource-based views by SHRM has been accomplished to expand professional opportunities for the workforce. Development of the workforce has helped to increase organizational production as well as brand image in the market. Besides, proper implementation of SHRM practices has played a role in developing a healthy work environment for the employees. It is also useful for introducing a positive impact on the market due to appropriate concern on employee activities. This research has discussed the role of SHRM in business strategy with the aid of some evidence based on instances from Indian retail industry.
Original Research Article
Analytical chemistry
Mahmood Payehghadr; Yeganeh Taherkhani; Abbas Maleki; Farzaneh Nourifard
Abstract
A molecularly imprinted polymer modified carbon paste electrode for determination of methocarbamol drug was constructed and used in aqueous and biological samples. The MIP was synthesized by methacrylic acid as monomer, azobis isobutyronitrile as initiator and methocarbamol as analyte with precipitation ...
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A molecularly imprinted polymer modified carbon paste electrode for determination of methocarbamol drug was constructed and used in aqueous and biological samples. The MIP was synthesized by methacrylic acid as monomer, azobis isobutyronitrile as initiator and methocarbamol as analyte with precipitation polymerization process. The oxidation voltamograms of analyte using MIP modified nickel ferrite catalyst electrode with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) by potentiostat – galvanostat device were obtained. The methocarbamol drug has amine groups in its structure, thus it is affected by the medium pH, and the effect of this factor on the electrode response was investigated. In optimum conditions, 4% MIP, 8% nanoparticles catalyst, and pH 3, 1.0×10-5M standard solution of methocarbamol was prepared and studied by DPV and CV mode. The dynamic calibration ranges, 3.0×10-8 - 3.0×10-6 M, detection limit of the method 1.3×10-8 M and RSD of the method for two measurements 3.33% and 1.00% was obtained.
Original Research Article
Management in Chemistry
Arundhati Roy; B.C.M Patnaik; Ipseeta Satpathy
Abstract
The study highlighted that a higher number of MSMEs comprising manufacturing and retail firms have shut down their businesses temporarily during the nationwide lockdown. We analysed literature related to the topic addressed by this study. It was found that the relief package was not sufficient to compensate ...
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The study highlighted that a higher number of MSMEs comprising manufacturing and retail firms have shut down their businesses temporarily during the nationwide lockdown. We analysed literature related to the topic addressed by this study. It was found that the relief package was not sufficient to compensate for the losses faced by business entrepreneurs of MSMEs in India. Furthermore, many people migrated from rural regions to urban regions in search of better job opportunities, which worsened the situation. In this research, a secondary qualitative analysis has been applied. With the aid of a narrative thematic description based on the role of the relief fund and nationwide lockdown pandemic situation, we probed into the disruptive situation of the Indian MSME sector. Additionally, the preparation of keywords was realized through a Boolean table and an illustration of PRISMA helped to define the search strategy for this research. Other perceptions of the research method were also discussed. The results showed that manufacturers of both non-essential goods as well as essential goods suffered loss close to 50% during the pandemic. Furthermore, small businesses in India experienced a drastic contraction in business due to a negative growth rate of net sales. It was discussed that the strategy of providing facilities of credit would enable business entrepreneurs to adopt the latest technology such as e-commerce. Probable recommendations included disbursement of credit guarantee schemes, provision of subsidies and extension of tenure of repayment of loans.
Original Research Article
Management in Chemistry
Biswa Bhusan; Ashok Kumar Sar
Abstract
Workplace flexibility is considered as an important factor in organizational behaviour in terms of maintaining employees’ productivity as well as organizational performance. This research has discussed the role of flexible working patterns in terms of improving employees’ engagement and commitment ...
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Workplace flexibility is considered as an important factor in organizational behaviour in terms of maintaining employees’ productivity as well as organizational performance. This research has discussed the role of flexible working patterns in terms of improving employees’ engagement and commitment towards organizations. It depicts the relationship between employees’ engagement and organizational production improvement. Also, workplace flexibility is important for improving organizational performance by enhancing job satisfaction among the workers. However, the sedentary behaviour and undisciplined nature by employees have created barriers for the use of workplace flexibility. On the other hand, excessive work pressure by employers during flexible working arrangements has negatively influenced the performance of employees. Apart from this, the thematic description of the research has revealed the role of workplace flexibility in improving work-life balance regarding employees. Moreover, the narrative and relevant description have helped to highlight the role of workplace flexibility in enhancing employees' performance as a part of organizational improvement.
Original Research Article
Management in Chemistry
Arundhati Roy; B.C.M Patnaik; Ipseeta Satpathy
Abstract
The Finance Commission of India stated that FY 2020-21 was full of uncertainties and the pandemic led to the creation of an uncertain economic environment of the SME sector in India. However, the implications of COVID-19 have been relatively more devastating for small and medium-sized business enterprises ...
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The Finance Commission of India stated that FY 2020-21 was full of uncertainties and the pandemic led to the creation of an uncertain economic environment of the SME sector in India. However, the implications of COVID-19 have been relatively more devastating for small and medium-sized business enterprises in India. The literature review based on the analysis of the secondary journals showed that the filing of GST returns led to a constraint of working capital faced by business owners of SMEs. Moreover, it was also inferred that the denial of credit on input taxes on GST resulted in a further deterioration of business for SMEs, which were a part of the food sector. However, results from secondary research signified that the financial situation of rural SMEs has become volatile due to job losses, weak financial quarterly income, salary cuts and lower volume of sales. A majority of 61% of business owners of SMEs in India decided to lower their respective scale of business operations during the pandemic. The feasible recommendation will be to exempt the business owners from paying penalties. Also, GST charges would be levied after the deduction of ITC charges. It can be concluded that the optimal way for managing the way entrepreneurs of SMEs manage business operations is to file GST returns in a quarterly manner, rather than per month. Besides, additional recommendations such as computing ITC and GST charges via the auto-generated system and re-setting the rate of interest subvention were proposed by the researcher.
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