Sami Publishing Company (SPC)Eurasian Chemical Communications2717-05354820220801Novel coumarins isolated from the seeds of Citrullus lanatus as potential antimicrobial agents69270814742310.22034/ecc.2022.335454.1395ENRahma MowaffaqJebirPharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq0000-0002-8712-4713Yasser FakriMustafaPharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq0000-0002-0926-7428Journal Article20220228In this study, four different solvents were utilized (acetone, chloroform, dichloromethane, and ether), with three extraction approaches as motion, ultrasonic bath-, and microwave oven-fostered maceration and also, this was performed in three modalities: non-serial, serial ascending-, and descending-design polarity. Among the thirty extracts resulting from the mentioned approaches and modalities, only an ether extract from the descending design polarity was chosen to extract our novel coumarins. This choice is based on the phytochemical examination performed. Extracted coumarins’ structure identification was achieved via gathering and interpretation of the spectral data to those found in the chemical guide. The isolated chemicals’ antimicrobial potential was assessed in vitro via broth-micro dilution technology. The targeted pathogen strains were: six strains of standard pathogenic aerobic gram negative bacteria, four strains of anaerobic bacteria, as well as two strains of fungi. In addition to one strain that is a non-pathogenic intestinal flora. In this assessment, the references used were Ciprofloxacin, Metronidazole, and Nystatin for the aerobic G-, anaerobic, and fungi, respectively. The five novel isolates all indicated antimicrobial potential, but <strong>RA4</strong> still exceeded the others. All the tested chemicals exhibited bactericidal and fungicidal potential against all the tested strains of pathogenic bacteria and fungi, based upon PF readings of more than four. On the other hand, <strong>RA4</strong> and <strong>RA2 </strong>were the only two that revealed bacteriostatic effects on the normal flora. Finally, this study concluded the possibility of utilizing these isolated compounds as a source for creating novel antimicrobials.https://www.echemcom.com/article_147423_b9ba1e13e22a43f2a7d4715025ad089a.pdfSami Publishing Company (SPC)Eurasian Chemical Communications2717-05354820220801Novel naphthalene-derived coumarin composites: synthesis, antibacterial, and antifungal activity assessments70972414742410.22034/ecc.2022.335455.1396ENSarah AhmedWaheedPharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq0000-0001-6008-2181Yasser FakriMustafaPharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq0000-0002-0926-7428Journal Article20220228Composites with a coumarin-based chemical structure have sparked a lot of interest in the scientific community. This is because of their diverse structural properties and also, their wide range of biological activities. In this work, eight novel naphthalene-derived coumarin composites were synthesised, confirmed by various spectrophotometers, and assessed for anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities. The pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated <em>in silico</em> using pre-ADMET, a free online program. The antimicrobial activity was tested using the method of broth-dilution towards six aerobic gram-negative bacterial strains (<em>Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Shigella dysenteriae, and Salmonella typhi</em>), four anaerobic bacterial strains (<em>Prevotella melaninogenica, Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium perfringens, and Fusobacterium necrophorum</em>), as well as two fungal strains (<em>Aspergillus niger</em> and <em>Candida albicans</em>). The safety profile was inspected by testing the toxicity for normal flora bacteria. Pharmacokinetic investigations demonstrated that the synthesised naphthalene-derived coumarin composites have good penetration across the GIT mucosa and most of them have poor penetration across the blood-brain barrier. These findings suggest good oral bioavailability along with low neurological toxicity profiles. The evaluations of the antimicrobial activity revealed that our composites have a weak bactericidal influence on gram-negative aerobic as well as anaerobic bacteria. The foremost discovery in this report was that most of these composites have an extremely potent fungicidal influence. The authors hope that this realization, along with the apparent safety of these compounds, can be utilized in the coming time for the production of new powerful fungicidal influence drugs.https://www.echemcom.com/article_147424_135a299cad182231e2a7fb0629e99a2f.pdfSami Publishing Company (SPC)Eurasian Chemical Communications2717-05354820220801The effect of different surgery positions on postoperative nausea and vomiting induced due to chemical anesthesia72573114763710.22034/ecc.2022.333919.1372ENMasoud ParishAssociate Professor of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran0000-0002-3926-4885Mohammad Asghari JafarabadiProfessor of Biostatistics Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran0000-0003-3284-9749Leila PirzadehDepartment of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran0000-0002-9622-4484Naghi AbediniAssociate Professor of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran0000-0002-1671-0432Journal Article20220213Risk factors related to postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) affect the patient’s health; however, most of these multi-factorial risks are unknown. The current study aimed to investigate unknown factors associated with PONV as well as the effect of different positions during surgery on postoperative nausea and vomiting. In this study, 180 patients are scheduled for elective orthopedic surgery during 2018 is investigated. Patients were divided into two groups, with 90 subjects. In the recovery unit, the incidence of nausea and vomiting in each group was recorded based on the position during surgery. The highest and lowest prevalence of nausea was in the supine position (43.66%) and sitting position (15.49%) groups, respectively. The duration of recovery stay (P<0.05), the severity of nausea (P<0.05), and the need for anti-antiemetic drugs (P>0.05) had a significant effect on the incidence of nausea in all positions. Also, the highest prevalence of vomiting was in the supine position group (21.11%). While the lowest prevalence of nausea was in the lateral position group (4.43%). The severity of nausea (P<0.05) and need for Antiemetic drugs (P<0.05) had a significant effect on the incidence of vomiting in all positions. Based on the findings, the supine position is a risk factor for nausea and vomiting. Also, for female obese patients, the sitting position is a risk factor, and it’s better to be avoided.https://www.echemcom.com/article_147637_2df8f8bacf476245b9e427c0fa9f992b.pdfSami Publishing Company (SPC)Eurasian Chemical Communications2717-05354820220801Preparation and characterization of nano silver nitrate by Pyrus communis plant extract (peel and seeds) and biological activity study73274014768310.22034/ecc.2022.324117.1306ENZahraa A.MahmoodDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science for Woman, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq0000000000000000Enaam FadilMousaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science for Woman, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraqhttps://orcid.org/00Sahar T.AddayDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science for Woman, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraqhttps://orcid.org/00Journal Article20220115<em>Pyrus communis</em> peel and seeds were used in this study to synthesize silver nanoparticles utilizing a quick and easy method. The plant extract serves as- a reducing and capping agent. To discover the chemicals that cause silver ion reduction, FTIR was used to assess the functional groups in the plant extract. According to a UV-Visible spectrophotometer, the peel had an absorbance peak of 460 nm. In comparison, the seeds had an absorbance peak of 433 nm. The rate of the diameters was discovered using an atomic force microscope to learn about surface topography. The results showed that <em>Pyrus communis</em> Peel AgNPs with a diameter of 85.51 nm and <em>Pyrus communis</em> seeds with a diameter of 62.50 nm were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activity in vitro, and seeds were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activity in vitro. Seeds were shown to be the most inhibitory of the microorganisms tested.https://www.echemcom.com/article_147683_5dc90f84d2912372f5d894a8a49651a8.pdfSami Publishing Company (SPC)Eurasian Chemical Communications2717-05354820220801Study of some physical changes of a binary combination of a drug Amphotericin B with Cetyl Trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)74174914790810.22034/ecc.2022.332741.1351ENMoqdad AbdAlnaseerWaisDepartment of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Samarra, Samarra, Iraq0000-0000-0000-0000Liqaa Hussein AlwanDepartment of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Samarra, Samarra, Iraq0000-0002-9460-829xJournal Article20220206The research included studying the effectiveness of Amphotericin B with cactus aloe vera extract for its therapeutic properties by studying the physical changes with the surfactant active substance which has the ability to form thread-like micelles, and with the drug Amphotericin B in which the mixture of the surface-active substance CTAB with the drug Amphotericin B at temperatures (283.15, 293.15, 310.15, and 323.15 K) and it was found that the highest value of viscosity was at (4:6), at 6 mL of CTAB surfactant and 4 mL of Amphotericin B, from 3% wt of CTAB and 0.02 g of Amphotericin B indicating the formation of filamentous micelles. The research also included studying the effect of the plant extract of aloe vera in different sizes (1, 2, 3, and 4) mL and at different temperatures. The thermodynamic functions were calculated and the results were clarified. The formation of worm-like micelles was increasing by maximizing the size of the plant extract of aloe vera as a result of interference with the composition of micelles and the formation of hydrogen bonds with the polar aggregates of the surfactant molecule. The biological effectiveness of the mixture was confirmed, The results showed that the sample mixture (A) was effective for both killing and inhibiting the growth of (Basillus pumilus) bacteria with inhibitory diameters (12.3, 12.5 and 14.7 mm), which appeared in the form of halos around the drilling area and were distinct from the culture medium inside the dish, while the inhibitory diameters were biological (Nystatin) (12.3, 12.3, and 12.8 mm), as it is noted that the sample mixture (A) has an effectiveness in killing Basillus pumilus more than the effectiveness of the antibiotic (Nystatin) itself, as these results are significant and excellent.https://www.echemcom.com/article_147908_13ee5af4cd211a78390a54e65038b522.pdfSami Publishing Company (SPC)Eurasian Chemical Communications2717-05354820220801The influence of growth hormone on some interleukins levels in patients with growth hormone deficiency75075814798110.22034/ecc.2022.322791.1287ENSafaa FadhelShineanDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq0000-0002-3218-3687Bushra FarisHassanDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqAbdilkarim Y. Al-SamarriaeNational Diabetic Center for Treatment and Research, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, IraqJournal Article20220102The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of growth hormone on some interleukins levels in patients with growth hormone deficiency by measuring and correlating many biochemical markers. Blood samples were gathered from study participants to estimate levels of basal growth hormone, growth hormone after 60 min (GH<sub>2</sub>) and 90 min (GH<sub>3</sub>) induction with clonidine, respectively, Insulin-like growth factor, interleukin-4, interleukin-6, and resistin. The outcomes of the anthropometric measurements of the studied groups exposed a significant (p < 0,05) differences in mean of BMI and BMI Z score between the GHD and non-GHD. The outcomes presented significant (P < 0.05) decrease in levels of basal GH, GH<sub>2</sub>, GH<sub>3</sub>, and IGF-1 in the GHD compared to the non-GHD. The outcomes presented a significant (p<0.05) fall in level of IL-4, IL-6 and resistin in the GHD compared to the non-GHD. The breakdown of the study groups revealed that males made up (53.3%) of the GHD, while females made up (46.7%), whereas the non-GHD (64.4% males and 35.6% females). The percentage of underweight in the GHD (71.1%) was lower than in the non-GHD (80%), whereas the percentage of normal weight was greater in the non-growth hormone deficiency (20%) compared to the GHD (17.8%). The distribution of the studied groups by gender displayed that non-significant (p>0.05) variances were seen in basal GH level, GH<sub>2</sub>, GH<sub>3</sub> between males and females, IGF-1 was significant (p<0.05) decreases in males compared with females.https://www.echemcom.com/article_147981_5aea08e38adf2756cd16f2262ef00ad2.pdfSami Publishing Company (SPC)Eurasian Chemical Communications2717-05354820220801Single crystal X-ray structure analysis and DFT studies of 3-hydroxyl-1,7,7-trimethyl-3-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]bicycle [2.2.1]heptan-2-one75976714798310.22034/ecc.2022.328320.1320ENGhasem MoghadamDepartment of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, P O Box 81746-73441, Isfahan, IranYoung Researchers and Elites Club, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord branch, Shahrekord, IranAli RamazaniDepartment of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 4537138791, IranDepartment of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques (RIMBT), University of Zanjan, Zanjan 4537138791, Iran0000-0003-3072-7924Fatemeh Zeinali NasrabadiDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Valiasr, Tehran Branch, Technical and Vocational University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-2717-8920Hamideh AhankarDepartment of Chemistry, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University P O Box 22, Abhar, Iran0000-0002-2717-8920Katarzyna ŚlepokuraFaculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 Joliot-Curie St., 50-383 Wrocław, PolandTadeusz LisFaculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 Joliot-Curie St., 50-383 Wrocław, PolandAli Kazami BabaheydariDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20211206Single crystal X-ray structure analyses of 3-Hydroxyl-1,7,7-trimethyl-3-[5-(4-methyl phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]bicycle [2.2.1] heptan-2-one was performed. In addition, the computational investigations such as optimization energy, infrared spectra, the frontier orbitals of HOMO, LUMO, HOMO-1, and LUMO+1 analysis, molecular electrostatic potential plots, heat capacity, entropy, and charge distribution were performed on the products at DFT/B3LYP methods. The comparison between the experimental and theoretical results demonstrated that these two results are in good agreement.https://www.echemcom.com/article_147983_07e4f904592d3af8aea312bc82c161e2.pdfSami Publishing Company (SPC)Eurasian Chemical Communications2717-05354820220801Phytochemical, in vitro and in silico screening of roots of Jasminum auriculatum for antioxidant activity76877714798410.22034/ecc.2022.330488.1331ENAdikay SreedeviDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavathi Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, India0000-0001-7330-5612Sravana SangeethaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavathi Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, IndiaKamsali Murali Mohan AchariDepartment of Chemistry, Sri Padmavathi Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, IndiaKaveripakam SaiSruthiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavathi Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, IndiaYellamandayya VadlamudiDepartment of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea00000000330537151Journal Article20220220Exploring the phytochemicals from traditional medicinal plants is essential for developing the novel leads for various diseases. In humans, many diseases are associated with the accumulation of free radicals. Antioxidants have the competence to scavenge free radicals and keep down their impact. Hence in the current study, we intended the identification of phytoconstituents by aiding HPLC and GC-MS methods and assessing the antioxidant ability of ethanol extract of roots of Jasminum auriculatum using <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in silico</em> approaches. Ethanol extract of roots of <em>Jasminum auriculatum </em>was<em> </em>prepared and inflicted to the preliminary phytochemical studies followed by<em> </em>HPLC and GC -MS analysis. Further <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in silico</em> studies were conducted to assess antioxidant action of ethanol extract. The results of HPLC analysis led to the presence of rutin and GC-MS analysis resulted in presence of various bioactive compounds. <em>In vitro</em> evaluation of free radical scavenging ability using DPPH, NO and ABTS techniques exhibited that the root extract possess good antioxidant activity. Further molecular docking studies performed for the identified compounds in HPLC and GC MS analysis, which substantiated the <em>in vitro</em> studies by resulting in good glide docking score with the protein targets namely NADPH oxidase and Super Oxide Dismutase. Based on these experimental findings, it can be concluded that the roots of <em>Jasminum auriculatum</em> possess good antioxidant activity.https://www.echemcom.com/article_147984_7fa05ee54c3ae40aaebf22d1151903d2.pdfSami Publishing Company (SPC)Eurasian Chemical Communications2717-05354820220801Density functional theory, ADME and docking studies of some tetrahydropyrimidine-5- carboxylate derivatives77878914798510.22034/ecc.2022.333898.1374ENAli MajeedHantoushDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Albayan, Baghdad, IraqZaheda AhmedNajimDepartment of Chemistry, College of Education of Pure Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, IraqFaris T.AbachiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq0000-0003-3389-877XJournal Article20220213Pyrimidine derivatives have a wide application. These derivatives act as dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors, and are an important class of drugs, as evidenced by their usage as anti-microbial, anti-malarial, and anti-cancer agents. The aim of this study was to design a new series of tetrahydropyrimidine-5- carboxylate derivatives as anti-bacterial dihydrofolate reductase [DHFR] inhibitors using density functional theory [DFT] studies and molecular docking against two enzymes DHFR inhibitors and DNAgyrase. Also, the pharmacokinetic parameters absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion [ADME] were predicated. The scores of the docking studies showed all compounds have good interactions with the [DHFR] as well as drug likeness.https://www.echemcom.com/article_147985_c0ebdc09ef9eb683cbdd58ccfbb4229a.pdfSami Publishing Company (SPC)Eurasian Chemical Communications2717-05354820220801Determination of catechol by continuous flow injection analysis via turbidmetric utilizing NAG-4SX3-3D analyzer79080514817510.22034/ecc.2022.335382.1391ENSarah Faris HameedDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq0000-0002-7607-3498Nagham ShakirTurkieDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqJournal Article20220227A simple and effective technique for detecting catechol by the generation of white precipitate utilizing the reaction of potassium dichromate with catechol in sulfuric acid medium, which is characterized by its speed and sensitivity. The NAG-4SX3-3D analyzer was utilized to measure the incident light attenuation impacting on the precipitate surface grains to quantify turbidity (0-180 degree), the snow led [LED] (blue band 400-480 nm, green band 443-600 nm, and red band 660-697 nm) was utilized to irradiate precipitate particles throughout the processes to get a transducer energy response in mV vs. time. The appropriate parameter was researched in order to increase the sensitivity of the newly devised technique. For catechol measurement, the linear range (0.01-27) millimol.L<sup>-1</sup> with (r=0.9996), (correlation coefficient), percentage linearity (R<sup>2</sup> percent=99.93), and RSD % for the repetition (n=6) were significantly lower than 0.2 percent (0.7, 15 millimol .L<sup>-1</sup>), with L.O.D. = 154.14 ng/sample from the progressive dilution across the calibration graph’s lowest concentration linear dynamic range. The suggested strategy was compared to the traditional method (UV-spectrophotometric at λ<sub>max</sub>=275 nm and turbidimetric method). It may be concluded that in addition to the technique’s sensitivity (developed) and the employment of few chemicals, the approach is also characterized by a dynamic system, which prevents precipitated particle setting during measurements as compared to the conventional reference method’s 10 mm irradiation. In addition, continuous dilution in CFIA allows for dealing with high or low concentrations, allowing for a wider range of applications. Based on the foregoing, the developed technique is deemed to be the most appropriate for catechol molecules when compared to the reference methods.https://www.echemcom.com/article_148175_5dbd7a0a68d1429b71207deb375649e0.pdfSami Publishing Company (SPC)Eurasian Chemical Communications2717-05354820220801Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy as an unconventional tool analysis for carbon allotropes80681114863910.22034/ecc.2022.324566.1299ENNarmeen AliJasemDepartment of Physics, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq0000-0003-0229-4180Mayada Badri Al-QuzwenyDepartment of Physics, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqAbdulkareem M.A. AlsammarraieDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqJournal Article20220113Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new approach for determination and characterization of various nanomaterials structures. In this work, LIBS emission spectra of different species of nanocarbon nanomaterials (carbon allotropes) were described. Ablation was performed using an Nd: YAG laser at 1064 nm in ambient air at atmospheric pressure. Results are consistent with the atomic emission lines of carbon or molecular bands, C<sub>2</sub> being released directly from the target, and CN being formed later by the interaction of C<sub>2</sub> with nitrogen gas (N<sub>2</sub>) in the atmospheric ambient of plasma. It was indicated that probably there is a relationship between C<sub>2</sub> emission from the plasma and the presence of aromatic rings (containing carbon-carbon double bonds) in the compounds.https://www.echemcom.com/article_148639_85ab3b6fb0aa0feca54d6f3deb612896.pdf