Original Research Article
Methematical Chemistry
Süleyman Ediz; Murat Cancan; Mehdi Alaeiyan; Mohammad Reza Farahani
Abstract
Computing topological indices of drug structures provides the chemical information about the underlying topology of the drug’s structures. Novel anticancer drug studies have been conducting by researches to design and produce ideal drugs. Chemical properties of these new drug candidates investigated ...
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Computing topological indices of drug structures provides the chemical information about the underlying topology of the drug’s structures. Novel anticancer drug studies have been conducting by researches to design and produce ideal drugs. Chemical properties of these new drug candidates investigated using the simulation methods. Topological indices also have been used to investigate the chemical properties of some drug structures. Ve-degree and Ev-degree topological indices have been defined recently in chemical graph theory. In this study we evaluated the ev-degree and ve-degree topological indices of some newly defined anticancer drug candidates which are based on alkylating agent.
Original Research Article
Methematical Chemistry
Raad Sehen Haoer; Mohanad Ali Mohammed; Tamileelam Selvarasan; Natarajan Chidambaram; Narasimhan Devadoss
Abstract
Let G=(V, E) is a molecular graph in which the vertex set V represents atoms and the edge set E represents the bonds between the atoms, corresponding to a chemical compound. In this research study, we introduced a new type of distance based topological indices called multiplicative leap Zagreb indices ...
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Let G=(V, E) is a molecular graph in which the vertex set V represents atoms and the edge set E represents the bonds between the atoms, corresponding to a chemical compound. In this research study, we introduced a new type of distance based topological indices called multiplicative leap Zagreb indices which is used to analyze the structural properties of some chemicals. They are as follows , and where is the 2-degree of the vertex u, defined as the number of vertices which are at distance two from u in G. We computed exact values of these indices for some well known graphs and also we obtained results for a special families of t-thorny graphs namely, t-thorny path graphs, t-thorny star graphs, t-thorny complete graphs and t-thorny complete bipartite graphs and t-thorny cycles.
Original Research Article
Analytical chemistry
Amir Yaghoubi Nezhad; Atieh Soltantabar Shahabedini; Husam Ali
Abstract
The entry of drugs produced into nature causes many environmental problems, which shows the importance of controlling and measuring these drugs more than before. Due to the importance of this measurement, some environmental laboratories are dedicated for improving a method to determine small amounts ...
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The entry of drugs produced into nature causes many environmental problems, which shows the importance of controlling and measuring these drugs more than before. Due to the importance of this measurement, some environmental laboratories are dedicated for improving a method to determine small amounts of fluoxetine as pollutant in water and a biological sample. In this research study, new techniques were applied for solid phase extraction of insignificant amounts of fluoxetine in water samples by carbon nanotubes and its measurement with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy in biological samples. These techniques are two-phase systems in which donor phases are fluoxetine-containing aqueous samples and acceptor phases are amino-functionalized carbon nanotubes. The experiments were carried out in two stages of extraction from desolate water samples of fluoxetine using methanol as solvent and the desolate samples were taken to UV-Vis spectrophotometer for further analysis. This method is inexpensive, simple and fast, and is consistent with many of the existing machine methods. Extraction parameters such as the effect of desolating organic solvents, pH of donor and acceptor phases, extraction time, desolation time, mixing speed, volume of donor phase and surfactant effect were optimized and quantitative investigations and measurements were done under optimum conditions. The aforementioned techniques have many advantages including short extraction time, low consumption of organic solvents, deleting the effect of previous experiments, low detection limit, and high concentration factor. Concentration factor and detection limit for fluoxetine were found to be 14.3 and 13.6 μg, respectively.
Original Research Article
Organic Chemistry
Nahid Ahmadi; Ali Ramazani; Sobhan Rezayati; Fahimeh Hosseini
Abstract
Silica nanoscale powders were obtained by heat treatment on the waste of laboratory silica gel HF254 available at the warehouse. That white solid was thermally treated at optimal conditions at 700 °C for 4 h and after decomposition of all of the materials, was refluxed with HCl (6 M) for 24 hours. ...
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Silica nanoscale powders were obtained by heat treatment on the waste of laboratory silica gel HF254 available at the warehouse. That white solid was thermally treated at optimal conditions at 700 °C for 4 h and after decomposition of all of the materials, was refluxed with HCl (6 M) for 24 hours. Afterward, the prepared catalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. The average nanoparticle size was measured 25 nm. So the purpose was investigated on the attributes of the catalyst supported by chloro sulfuric acid and its application in the Fisher esterification reaction as an acid solid catalyst under solvent-free conditions. According to this, different parameters such as the types of alcohols and phenols and carbon chain length were studied by both nano-silica sulfuric acid (NSSA) and silica sulfuric acid (SSA) at the same conditions. In this case, the foundings illustrated esterification in the presence of NSSA was performed at reaction time less than SSA and the production yield of NSSA was higher than SSA. The obtained results in the mentioned method proved silica from the wastes of silica gel HF254 can be employed as a catalyst at the more reaction.
Original Research Article
Analytical chemistry
Atieh Soltantabar Shahabedini; Mohammad Alinezhad Chamazketi; Amir Yaghoubi Nezhad; Seyed Mojtaba Mostafavi
Abstract
SDS removal is an important process in proteomics after protein digestion. The research study evaluated an offline SDS removal, as well as, the capability of the offline electrophoretic system for SDS removal. Tyr-Tyr-Tyr, Glu-Val-Phe, and Bradykinin were three peptides to be tested at the presence of ...
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SDS removal is an important process in proteomics after protein digestion. The research study evaluated an offline SDS removal, as well as, the capability of the offline electrophoretic system for SDS removal. Tyr-Tyr-Tyr, Glu-Val-Phe, and Bradykinin were three peptides to be tested at the presence of the SDS. The electrophoretic system included a 20 µL glass micropipette containing sample which was immersed into acetonitrile at one end and hydrogel at another end. The SDS removal was driven by applying voltage to the system and after removal, the sample inside micropipette can be collected for liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry.
Original Research Article
Analytical chemistry
Bilal Yilmaz; Nurullah Yilmaz
Abstract
This research study discusses two rapid, sensitive and specific methods for simultaneous determination of rosuvastatin (ROS) and amlodipine (AML) in pharmaceutical preparations using the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Electrochemical behavior and ...
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This research study discusses two rapid, sensitive and specific methods for simultaneous determination of rosuvastatin (ROS) and amlodipine (AML) in pharmaceutical preparations using the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Electrochemical behavior and simultaneous voltammetric determination of ROS and AML were investigated using the platinum disk electrode. HPLC was also developed for the comparison. The flow rate of the mobile phase was 1.0 mL/min and all the detections were carried out at 225 nm using the UV detection. The calibration curve was established over the concentration range of 0.5-4 mg/mLfor DPV and 0.1-2 mg/mLfor HPLC. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviation was less than 2.96 and 3.07% for DPV and HPLC, respectively. Limits of quantification were determined as 0.21 and 0.06 mg/mLfor DPV and HPLC, respectively. Both the drugs along with their degradation products were separated in less than 8 min. No interference was found from tablet excipients at the selected assay conditions. The methods were applied for the quality control of the commercial ROS and AML drug.
Original Research Article
Chemical Engineering
Seyed Azim Hosseini; Amin Amraei; Seyed Amir Hossin Hoseini; Farid Amraei
Abstract
This research study aimed at evaluating the effect of tear phenomenon of the hydraulic hoses of the road construction machineries on loss and profits of the projects. One of the important and main challenges of the heavy and semi-heavy machineries which are used in the road construction industry is the ...
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This research study aimed at evaluating the effect of tear phenomenon of the hydraulic hoses of the road construction machineries on loss and profits of the projects. One of the important and main challenges of the heavy and semi-heavy machineries which are used in the road construction industry is the hose tear phenomenon. This incident depends on several factors including, the performance amount of machinery, weather conditions, natural and artificial factors, quality and kind of the hose, pressing method of the hose, and specially the skill of the operator. The consequences of the hose tear include the sleep of machineries regarding to their heavy expenses of purchasing or hiring, reduction of the efficiency of the other machineries, lag behind the time scheduling for completing the project, inappropriate performance quality of the project, and economic, social and political consequences. In this research, a real comparison between the expenses in two conditions of presence and non-presence of the hose pressing device in the workshop of the section 4 of the Arak-Khoramabad freeway, located at the 30 km of the Biranshahr-Khoramabad road was investigated to achieve the best condition, maximum profit and minimum loss. After evaluating all the conditions of the hose tear in the studied machineries, the results demonstrated that the presence of hose pressing device in the workshop was appropriate and cost-effective regarding to the economical aspect, performance quality of project, time scheduling of the project, social and political views. Therefore, it is suggested that the hose pressing device can be used in all constructive projects where the machineries play a considerable role in their performance.
Original Research Article
Organic Chemistry
Eskandar Kolvari; Ali Arab; Maryam Robati
Abstract
In the present study, we discussed that, the elemental bromine is a highly efficient and selective homogeneous Lewis acid catalyst for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones. Biginelli three-component condensation was carried out by the reaction of an aromatic aldehyde, urea/thiourea, and methyl/ethyl ...
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In the present study, we discussed that, the elemental bromine is a highly efficient and selective homogeneous Lewis acid catalyst for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones. Biginelli three-component condensation was carried out by the reaction of an aromatic aldehyde, urea/thiourea, and methyl/ethyl acetoacetate in ethanol, to afford the desired product in high yields. The influence of reaction parameters including the solvent type and the bromine quantity on catalytic activity were also investigated. In addition, the quantum computations were employed to clarify the effect of the Lewis acid catalyst. The structure of the products was validated using the FT-IR, 1HNMR, and 13CNMR. Our procedure offered several advantages including, the mild reaction conditions, employing an inexpensive catalyst, and easy workup.
Review Article
Biochemistry
Asghar Beytollahi
Abstract
Financial behaviors such as risk-taking highly depend on brain function. On the other hand, the brain is affected by various physiological, biological, environmental, genetic, and other related factors. One of the important factors that overshadow financial behavior is the chemistry and biochemistry ...
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Financial behaviors such as risk-taking highly depend on brain function. On the other hand, the brain is affected by various physiological, biological, environmental, genetic, and other related factors. One of the important factors that overshadow financial behavior is the chemistry and biochemistry of the brain, which the effect of hormones on brain function falls within this area. Hormones are chemicals with receptors all over the body including brain, which affect risk taking behavior, assessment, attitude and other factors which lead to changes in decision making. In the last three decades, researchers in financial science, economics, neuroscience, neuroeconomics, and other fields have examined the effects of various biological factors including hormones and neurotransmitters on decision making, risk attitude, risk assessment, both in humans and other animals to find experimental results for assessing the relation of biological factors and financial behaviors. The present study reviews some of the most important studies conducted in the recent decade on the period of 2010-2019 concerning the chemical effects of the two hormones of testosterone and cortisol on people financial behavior.
Original Research Article
Isaaac Awonyemi; Michael Segun Abegunde; Temitope Esther Olabiran
Abstract
Raphia taedigera seed is an underutilized seed with several bioactive compounds that have the tendency to regulate metabolic processes to promote the healthy living. In this research study, sixteen bioactive compounds were identified in the Raphia taedigera seed oil using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ...
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Raphia taedigera seed is an underutilized seed with several bioactive compounds that have the tendency to regulate metabolic processes to promote the healthy living. In this research study, sixteen bioactive compounds were identified in the Raphia taedigera seed oil using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). GC-MS revealed the presence of Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (0.31%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (7.15%), trans-13-Octadecenoic acid methyl esters (0.91%), Oleic acid (10.83), Octadecanoic acid (10.23%), cis-13-Octadecenoic acid (2.75%), 6-Octadecenoic (3.26%), Cis-vaccenic acid (1.94%), Palmitoyl chloride (2.82%), Trans-13-Octadecenoic acid (1.78), 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid (1.54%), 4, 4, 6a, 6b, 8a, 11, 11, 14b-Octamethyl-1, 4, 4a, 5, 6, 6a, 6b, 7, 8, 8a, 9, 10, 11, 12, 12a, 14, 14a, 14b-octadecahydro-2H-picen-3-one (7.29%), 3-Methoxymethoxy-2, 3-dimethylundec-1-ene (8.88%), Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (2.00%), undecylester, Beta.-Amyrin (8.31%) and Lup-20(29)-en-3-one (27.28%). The results show revealed the potential of the seed oil as an anti-inflammatory, anti-leishmanial, anti-cancer, antioxidant, antifungal and hypocholesterolemic.
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